21/11/23: treatment of offenders-CBT

CBT: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy 

Treating offenders aims to identify problem behaviour and the root cause of such behaviour.

The extent the treatment may differ depending on the severity of the offence and the risk of future offending.

Offence related treatment is classified into three distinct areas:

  • your thoughts 
  • your behaviours 
  • your emotion 
Is to challenge the negative thoughts and replace them with constructive positive thinking that will lead to healthy behaviours.

People are often unaware that they are subject to cognitive errors, or that there are problems with their thinking.

The therapist will try to make these maladaptive thoughts conscious, and that there is no basic for these thoughts.

In theory, this should cause the problem to disappear. 

Strengths:

  • Has been shown to be effective for wide variety of mental illness 
  • it is the predominant method of therapy provided by the NHS
  • It uses both cognitive and behavioural principle 
  • it is relatively quick and cheap compared to other therapies
  • has many real world applications
Weaknesses:
  • In some cases, other types of therapy are more effective 
  • It pays little attention to early childhood experience, and focuses instead on the here and now 
  • it can be dependant upon the skills of the therapist who delivers the therapy 
  • clients who do not complete a full course of CBT will often benefit very little 
Anger management:
  • It teachers the relaxation techniques to deal with the physiological responses to anger.
  • Cognitive restricting is used to retrain thought patterns.
  • Time out or assertiveness training to deal with the behaviour elements of anger.
1) Cognitive preparation:
  • Offenders identify situations that provoke anger to they can recognise when an aggression outburst might occur.
  • Thought patterns are challenged; if someone become angry when laughed at, they will become conclude that it is the behaviour being mocked, not them.
  • consider negative consequences of anger on others.
2) Skill acquisition 
  • new coping skills learned, e.g. "stop and think" and counting
  • Relaxation techniques learned 
  • assertiveness training can help deal with issues constructively, not violently
3) Application practice 
  • Role-play a variety of scenarios to practice new skills to control anger.
  • Done in controlled environment. 
Anger diaries:
  • offenders may be asked to complete anger diaries on a regular basis.
  • An anger diary or journal can be a useful tool to help offenders track their experiences with anger. 
evaluating anger management: 
  • Not all criminals have anger issues. 
  • Not all crimes are violent example, fraud 
  • you need to want to change 
  • offenders can lie about their anger so not everyone who need help won't get it 
  • they overall treatment outcome 








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